人教版高二英语（下）课文材料原文

　　4. According to the graph in the passage，how many of the people who work in Zhongguancun have a master’s degree or above?

　　A. 25,0010           B. 30,000              C. 35,000         D. 180,000

　　5. How is “failure” understood in Zhongguancun?

　　A. There are fewer failures in Zhongguancun．
B. Many of its researchers and scientists will try hard not to fail．

　　C. Failure is a necessary part of being successful．

　　D. The best thing about failure is that you learn every time you fail．

　　B

　　Red hot achievements

　　Chinese history is filled with great achievements in science and technology．Since the early 1990s，China has been enjoying a boom in scientific and technological development．The success is no accident．In 1995，the Chinese government put forward a plan for “rejuvenating the nation by relying on science and education’’ and it has helped Chinese scientists make many breakthroughs．The results are impressive．

　　Exploring space

　　CSA，the Chinese Space Agency，has developed the highly successful Long March rocket series．The rockets are safe and have been used to send satellites into space and to prepare for the nation’s first manned space flight．

　　Solving the mysteries of life

　　China has long been a leader in the field of genetic research aimed at improving agriculture．One of the most important achievements is a new kind of rice which allows farmers to increase production．Over the past twenty years，China also became part of an international research programme which examined the human body．In 2000，Chinese scientists announced that they had completed their part of the international human genome project，proving that Chinese scientists are among the world’s best．

　　E-volution

　　It seems to be love at first byte for China and computers．The Internet is becoming increasingly popular and a new high-speed broadband network was recently started．Chinese computer engineers have also developed the supercomputer Shenwei，one of the world’s fastest computers，and built the Nation’s first humanoid robot．

　　Fighting cancer

　　For the first time ever, scientists have been able to create a chemical element that can fight cancer cells．The breakthrough，made by scientists in Shanghai，gives hope to cancer patients all over the world and makes China one of the world leaders in the battle against the deadly disease．

　　C

　　Integrating  Skills

　　The ages of man

　　Human achievements come in all shapes and sizes. Knocking two rocks together can be just as important as sending a man to the moon. When ancient humans learnt to use stone tools and make fire, it meant the beginning of modern society. Later discoveries - bronze, iron, steam, electricity, to name a few - continued the development of society and shaped history．So important were these achievements that we often divide human history into time periods named after the latest technology of the time：the Stone Age，the Bronze Age，the Iron Age and so on．

　　In modern times，scientific achievements have continued to drive the development of society．The eighteenth and nineteenth centuries saw the widespread use of electricity and the birth of the steam engine，leading to factories and cities as we know them today．It was also the beginning of public education and the modern branches of science．The twentieth century brought us cars，nuclear power and space exploration，and is sometimes called the “Atomic Age” or the“Space Age”．Recently, he effect of computers and the Internet has given rise to the idea that we are living in the“Information Age”．

　　The connection between science and society is easy to see．Whatever the“age”，each time period is shaped by the latest and most advanced technology．Scientific achievements also lead to new discoveries and inventions．In some cases，new technology makes it possible for scientists to answer questions and solve problems that once were too difficult．With more and better information，scientists can develop new theories，which in turn lead to future scientific achievements．The wheel of scientific development keeps on turning．

　　It takes time for a new technology to enter everyday life．In most cases，the first to use it are governments and businesses．For example，electricity was first used in factories and did not become available to homes until several years later. The same was true for computers and cellphones. In the early days，computers were so large，expensive and difficult to use that only government and industry experts could use them．Soon，however, the technology became cheaper and programmes were developed for people who had little or no training．

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