高二英语语法大全

　　Tom can speak French. So can Jack.

　　If you won't go, neither will I.

　　典型例题

　　---Do you know Jim quarrelled with his brother?

　　---I don't know, _____.

　　A. nor don't I care　　B. nor do I care　　C. I don't care neither　　D. I don't care also

　　答案：B. nor为增补意思"也不关心"，因此句子应倒装。A错在用 don't 再次否定， C neither 用法不对且缺乏连词。 D缺乏连词。

　　注意： 当so引出的句子用以对上文内容加以证实或肯定时，不可用倒装结构。意为"的确如此"。

　　Tom asked me to go to play football and so I did.

　　---It's raining hard.　　　---So it is.

　　2.25 only在句首要倒装的情况

　　Only in this way, can you learn English well.

　　Only after being asked three times did he come to the meeting.

　　如果句子为主从复合句，则主句倒装，从句不倒装

　　Only when he is seriously ill, does he ever stay in bed.

　　2.26 as, though引导的倒装句

　　as / though引导的让步从句必须将表语或状语提前 （形容词, 副词, 分词, 实义动词提前）。

　　注意：

　　1) 句首名词不能带任何冠词。

　　2) 句首是实义动词, 其他助动词放在主语后。如果实义动词有宾语和状语,　 随实义动词一起放在主语之前。

　　Try hard as he will, he never seems able to do the work satisfactorily.

　　注意:

　　让步状语从句中，有though，although时，后面的主句不能有but，但是 though 和yet可连用。

　　2.27 其他部分倒装

　　1)　 so… that 句型中的so 位于句首时，需倒装。

　　So frightened was he that he did not dare to move an inch.

　　2)　在某些表示祝愿的句型中：

　　May you all be happy.

　　3)　在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省略，把 were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。

　　Were I you, I would try it again.

　　典型例题：

　　1） Not until the early years of the 19th century___ what heat is

　　A. man did know　 B. man knew　 C. didn't man know　 D. did man know

　　答案为D.　否定词Not在句首，要求用部分倒装的句子结构。

　　2） Not until I began to work ___ how much time I had wasted.

　　A. didn't I realize　　B. did I realize　　C. I didn't realize　D. I realize

　　答案为B。

　　3)　Do you know Tom bought a new car?

　　I don't know, ___.

　　A. nor don't I care　 B. nor do I care

　　C. I don't care neither　D. I don't care also

　　解析：答案为B.　句中的nor引出部分倒装结构，表示"也不"。由 so, neither, nor引导的倒装句，表示前一情况的重复出现。其中, so用于肯定句, 而 neither, nor 用在否定句中。

　　2.28 定语从句

　　定语从句（Attributive Clauses）在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词,词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。

　　关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。

　　关系副词有：when, where, why等。

　　2.29 关系代词引导的定语从句

　　关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

　　1）who, whom, that

　　这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中所起作用如下：

　　Is he the man who/that wants to see you?

　　他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语）

　　He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.

　　他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语）

　　2) Whose 用来指人或物，(只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）, 例如：

　　They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.　 那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。

　　Please pass me the book whose (of which) cover is green.　请递给我那本绿皮的书。

　　3）which, that

　　它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等，例如：

　　A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语）

　　The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。(which / that在句中作宾语）

　　2.30 关系副词引导的定语从句

　　关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。

　　1）when, where, why

　　关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构，因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用，例如：

　　There are occasions when (on which) one must yield.　任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。

　　Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born.　北京是我的出生地。

　　Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?　这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？

　　2）that代替关系副词

　　that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略，例如：

　　His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born.　他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。

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