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高一英语第八单元Food Around The World (世界上的食物)

摘要: The building was completed in 1996 . ②主动语态含有双宾语。如: He gave me some advice . → I was given some advice . Some advice was given (to) me . ③主动语态中含有复合宾语。如:I saw him go downstairs . → He was seen to go downstairs . 高一英语第八单元Food Around The World (世界上的食物)由www.67xuexi.com收集及整理,转载请说明出处www.67xuexi.com www.67xuexi.com④主动语态中含有宾语从句。如:I believe that he will keep his word . → He is believed to keep his word . (=It is believed that he will keep his word . )●被动含义 主动意义 英语中,我们多用
高一英语第八单元Food Around The World (世界上的食物),标签:高一下册英语教案,高中英语教案,http://www.67xuexi.com
The building was completed in 1996 .
②主动语态含有双宾语。如:
He gave me some advice . →
I was given some advice .
Some advice was given (to) me .
③主动语态中含有复合宾语。如:I saw him go downstairs . → He was seen to go downstairs .


高一英语第八单元Food Around The World (世界上的食物)由www.67xuexi.com收集及整理,转载请说明出处www.67xuexi.com
www.67xuexi.com ④主动语态中含有宾语从句。如:I believe that he will keep his word . → He is believed to keep his word . (=It is believed that he will keep his word . )
●被动含义 主动意义
英语中,我们多用 be +v . -ed 结构来表示被动含义;但有时也可用动词的主动形式来表示被动意义。有主动形式表被动意义是一种特殊的语态现象,常见的有:
一、在动词 need , want , require , bear , deserve 等后常用动名词的主动形式表被意义。例如:
① The civil quality of the whole nation needs improving . 全民族的文化素质需要提高。
② Every truth requires testing through practice . 一切真理都需要经受实践的检验。
③ The river dam wants reinforcing . 这道河堤需要加固。
④ His words won\'t bear repeating . 他的话不堪重述。
一般地,这些动名词都可用不定式的被动结构来代替。如上述第三例可改为:The river dam wants to be reinforced .
二、在 be worth doing 结构中,用动名词的主动形式表被动意义。例如:
If a thing is worth doing , it should be done well . 值得做的事就一定要做好。
三、有些及物动词在某些特定场合下,常用主动形式表被动含义。这类动词有 write , read , clean , lock , wear , wash , catch , work , cut , draw , start 等。例如:
This kind of cloth cleans easily . 这种布(料)易洗。
This home-made pen writes smoothly . 这支国产笔很好写。
His book does not sell . 他的书没有销路。
Her letter read like this . 她的信是这样写的。
The car can\'t start . 这辆车开不动(发动不了)。
The recorder won\'t play . 这台录音机不转了。
四、某些实义动词被当作系动词用时含有被动意义,但不能用被动式。这类动词有 look , sound , feel , taste , smell , keep , stay 等。例如:
You look pale . What\'s the matter ? 你的脸苍白,是怎么回事 ?
His theory sounds reasonable . 你的理论听起来很有道理。
Good medicine tastes bitter . 良药苦口。
Food can keep fresh in a fridge . 食物在冰箱里能保鲜。
The shop stays open till 8:00 p . m . 这家商店一直要开到晚上八点。
五、在不定式结构中,下列情况要用主动形式表被动含义:
1 . 当不定式的逻辑主语以动作执行者的身份出现在句中时,例如:
Do you have anything to say for yourself before you die ? 你死前有什么话要说吗 ?
The theory is too abstract for a child to understand . 这理论太抽象,孩子不能理解。
2 . 在“be +形容词+ to 不定式”结构中。例如:
He is hard to satisfy . 他很难满足。
I don\'t think this so-called big movie is terribly interesting to watch . 我认为这部所谓的巨片并不十分好看。
3 . There be 结构中,作定语的不定式多用主动表被动,但也可用被动式,意义上一般无差别。例如:
There is no time to lose / be lost . 没有时间可浪费了。
但当句中主语为 something , anything , nothing 时,作定语的不定式用主动或被动式其含义有区别:
There\'s nothing to do - I\'m bored . 无事可干椢颐频没拧?/P>
There\'s nothing to be done - I\'ll have to give it up . 没办法椢抑缓梅牌?/P>
4 . 在 be to blame , be to let 等结构中,不定式的主、被动形式都可表达被动含义。例如:
He is not to blame . 他不该被责备。
Are the cameras to let ? 这些相机出租吗 ?
六、在某些介词后,动名词用主动形式表被动含义。常见介词有 past , beyond , above 等。例如:
The question is beyond / above teenagers understanding . 这个问题还不能被十几岁的孩子理解。
The pain was almost past bearing . 疼痛几乎无法(被)忍受。
最后补充一点。不及物动词没有被动式,这是我们都知道的;可是有的同学由于受汉语思维习惯的影响,常将这样一些词或词组用于被动语态。最易被这样误用的词(组)有 happen , last , spread , end , take place , break out 等。现举几例,以示其正确用法:
The newly - imported foreign film lasts almost three hours . 这部进口的外国影片几乎要放映三个小时。
Great changes have taken place in the whole world since the end of World War Ⅱ . 第二次世界大战结束以来,整个世界已发生了巨大的变化。
The news spread quickly in the town . 消息在城里迅速传开。
 
二、学海导航
【学法指要】
● 定语从句典型错误例析
1. 误:The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put it into my mouth .
正:The finger I dipped into the cup was not the one I put into my mouth .

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