高考英语动名词语法复习,标签:高三下册英语教案,高中英语教案,http://www.67xuexi.com
例:remember to do/doing:
①I remembered to post the letters.(指未来/过去未来将要做的动作)
②I remembered posting/having posted the letters.(我记得做过这个动作)
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forget与remember的用法类似。
regret的用法:
①I regret to inform you that…(我很遗憾地通知你……)
②I regretted having left the firm after twenty years.(为了“二十年前的离开”而遗憾。)
try to(努力)与try +–ing(试验):
①You really must try to overcome your shyness.
②Try practicing five hours a day.
五、动名词与现在分词的同与不同
动名词它在形式上与现在分词相同,都是在动词原形的词末加-ing。在现代语法中,这两种形式同视为"-ing形式"。 这两种形式的另一个相同之处是:它们都是由动词变化而成的,它们都保留了动词的某些特征,它们都能带自己的宾语、状语,而构成动名词短语或是现在分词短语去担当句子成分。例如:
Speaking in the public , he will surely be very cheerful .(现在分词短语,作状语)他在公众场所讲话时总是兴高采烈的。
She hates speaking in the public.(动名词短语,作宾语)她不喜欢在公众场所讲话。
区别:
1、动名词和现在分词都可以用于系动词之后作表语,区别方法是:
①作表语的动名词与主语指的是同一件事,此时系动词相当于“是”,通常把主语和表语的位置互换,语法和意思不变,例如:
My hobby is swimming.可改为Swimming is my hobby.(可将原句中的主语与表语位置互换)
②现在分词作表语主要用以说明主语的性质,不能与主语互换位置,例如:
The story is interesting .不可改为:Interesting is the story.
2、动名词和现在分词都可以用作定语来修饰名词,两者的区别在于: www.ks5u.com
动名词修饰名词时主要表示该名词的用途,而现在分词修饰名词时性质、状态或动作等。试比较: ①a swimming boy和a swimming suit
前者的意思是“一个正在游泳的男孩”,即a boy who is swimming ,现在分词swimming 表示被修饰名词boy的动作;而后者的意思是“游泳衣”,即a suit for swimming , 动名词swimming表示suit 的用途。
②a sleeping child 和 a sleeping car
前者的意思是“一个正在睡觉的孩子”,即a child who is sleeping ,现在分词sleeping 表示被修饰名词 child 正处于的状态;而后者的意思是“卧车(被用来睡觉的车厢)”,即 a car which is used for sleeping ,动名词 sleeping 表示car 的用途。
练习
1) Mark often attempts to escape ____ whenever he breaks traffic regulations。
A)shavingsbeen fined B) to have been fined C) to be fined D) being fined
2) My wife said in her letter that she would appreciate ____ from you sometime。
A) to have heard B) to hear C) for hearing D) hearing
3) The thief took away the woman‘s wallet without____。
A) being seen B) seeing C) him seeing D) seeing him
4) People appreciate ____wit him because he has a good sense of humor。 (CET-4 1998,1)
A) to work B) to have worked C) working D) have working
5) I‘ve enjoyed ____ to talk with you。
A) to be able B) being able C) to been able D) of being able
6) No one can avoid ____ by advertisements。
A) to be influenced B) being influenced C) influencing D)shavingsinfluence
7) They are considering ____ before the prices go up。
A) of buying the house B) with buying the house C) buying the house D) to buy the house
8) He thought that ____。
A) the effort doing the job was not worth B) the effort was not worth in doing the job
C) it was not worth the effort doing the job D) it was not worth the effort by doing the job
9) If I had remembered ____ the door, the things would not have been stolen。
A) to lock B) locking C) to have locked D)shavingslocked
10) Your shirt needs ____。 You‘d better have it done today。
A) iron B) to iron C) ironing D) being ironed
11) You can‘t help ____ commercials; every few minutes the program is interrupted to give you one advertisement or another。
A) to hear B) to be heard C) hearing D) with hearing
12) My transistor radio isn‘t working。 It ____。
A) need repairing B) needs to repair C) needs repairing D) need to be repaired
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