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“主谓一致”的三大误区

摘要: ②The twentieth lesson and last lesson is very easy for students. (√) 【解析】 the twentieth lesson and last lesson是表示同一概念,译为“第20课即最后一课”,因此谓语动词应该用单数。同学们容易错误理解“第20课和最后一课”,如果表示两课,应该表达为“the twentieth lesson and the last lesson”。 特别提醒 由and连接的并列主语表示同一概念时,谓语动词用单数,表示不同的概念时谓语动词用复数。 3. 就近原则 ①Neither you nor he have been to Beijing. (×) ②Neither you nor he has been to Beijing. (√) 【解析】 neither . . . nor连接的并列主语(you , he)虽然表
“主谓一致”的三大误区,标签:教育学习大全,http://www.67xuexi.com

    ②The twentieth lesson and last lesson is very easy for students. (√)

    【解析】  the twentieth lesson and last lesson是表示同一概念,译为“第20课即最后一课”,因此谓语动词应该用单数。同学们容易错误理解“第20课和最后一课”,如果表示两课,应该表达为“the twentieth lesson and the last lesson”。

    特别提醒  由and连接的并列主语表示同一概念时,谓语动词用单数,表示不同的概念时谓语动词用复数。

    3. 就近原则

    ①Neither you nor he have been to Beijing. (×)

    ②Neither you nor he has been to Beijing. (√)

    【解析】  neither . . . nor连接的并列主语(you , he)虽然表示两个人,但根据语言规则,当它连接并列主语的时候,谓语动词根据就近原则,该由he决定,因此第②句正确。

    特别提醒  类似的还有either . . . or, not only . . . but also, not . . . but, 以及there be之后的并列主语,谓语动词的确定都根据“就近原则”。

    4. this kind of, a piece of, this pair of等短语作主语

    ①This pair of trousers are very new, but Tom’s trousers are very old. (×)

    ②This pair of trousers is very new, but Tom’s trousers are very old. (√)

    【解析】  trousers作主语时,谓语动词用复数,但当它被this pair of修饰时谓语动词由pair的单复数确定。因此第②句正确。

    特别提醒  this kind of, a piece of, a bag of, a box of等,这类短语作主语时谓语动词的单复数由这些短语中的名词决定,而与它们所修饰的名词无关。

    5. the rest of,half of等短语作主语

    ①Half of the students have finished most of the work. The rest of it are very difficult. (×)

    ②Half of the students have finished most of the work. The rest of it is very difficult. (√)

    【解析】  根据句意和句子结构可以判断the rest of it中的it,指the work,而work是不可数名词,因此第②句正确。

    特别提醒  all of, most of, half of, the rest of,以及a lot of, some, any+名词作主语时,要根据后面的名词确定谓语动词的单复数。

    6. 一句话提示

    ①合成不定代词(如something,anybody等)作主语,谓语动词用单数;

    ②动名词、不定式、从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数;

    ③a number of + 名词(复)作主语,谓语用复数,the number of + 名词(复)作主语,谓语用单数;

    ④none of . . . 作主语时,谓语动词可用单数,也可用复数。

金题精练

    根据句意,从所给出的选项中选出最佳答案。

    1. The news _____ very worth listening to.

    A. be    B. is    C. are    D. am

    2. —_____ this pair of glasses yours?

—No. My glasses _____ on the desk.

    A. Is, is    B. Are, is    C. Is, are    D. Are, are

    3. The old _____ taken good care of in China now.

    A. was      B. are     C. is     D. were

    4. Nobody except the twins ___ to Hongkong before.

    A. have been              B. have gone

    C. has been               D. has gone

    5. —What’s on the plate?

—There _____ some rice on it.

    A. is     B. are     C. has     D. have

    6. Five years _____ since we met last.

    A. have passed          B. has past

    C. has passed           D. have pasted

    7. Here _____ some flowers for you.

    A. is     B. are     C. has      D. have

    8. There __________ a number of teachers, but the number of women teachers ________ only thirty.

    A. are, are   B. are, is   C. is, are   D. is, is

    9. Not only my uncle but also my parents _______ I am right.

    A. think   B. thank   C. thinks   D. are thinking

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