高二英语Unit1知识精讲

　　He has completed repairing the car.他将汽车修好了。

　　（2）complete还有“使完整，完美”的含义。

　　I need one more stamp before my collection is completed.

　　我所收集的邮票还差一张才成整套。

　　（3）completely为副词，意为“完全地”，在句中充当状语。

　　I had forgotten it completely.我完全把它忘了。

　　2. In addition, he found two other deaths in another part of London that were linked to the Broad Street outbreak.

　　除此之外，他发现在伦敦的另一个地方有两个死亡的病例，与宽街爆发的霍乱有关联。

　　3. Immediately John Snow told the astonished people in Broad Street to remove the handle from the water pump

　　约翰斯诺马上叫宽街上惊慌失措的老百姓拆掉泵的把手。

　　①Immediately the clock struck six, all the students began to get up.时钟敲响6点，所有的学生都开始起床了。

　　②Immediately he arrived there, he telephoned a friend of his.一到达那里，他就给他的一个朋友打电话。

　　③Immediately she’d gone, I remembered her name.她刚走我就想起了她的名字。

　　④He came directly I called.我一打电话他就来了。

　　⑤I want to see her the moment she arrives.她一到，我就要见她。

　　4. Only if you put the sum there did the movements of the other planets in the sky make sense.

　　只有当你把太阳放在那儿（中心位置上）；天空中其他行星的运动才能说清楚。

　　（四）语法   Grammar

　　单元语法专区

　　过去分词作定语和表语

　　1. 过去分词的意义

　　1）及物动词的过去分词表示先于谓语动词的动作，与其逻辑主语之间是被动的关系。

　　例如：

　　We only sell used books.我们只卖用过的书。

　　The bridge built last month needs repairing.上个月建造的那座桥需要修理。

　　2）不及物动词的过去分词表示先于谓语动词的动作，与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系。例如：

　　You can see fallen leaves everywhere in autumn.秋天你到处可以看到落叶。

　　Developed countries should help developing countries.发达国家应当帮助发展中国家。

　　2. 过去分词的否定式。

　　过去分词的否定式，由not/never+过去分词构成。例如：

　　Not interested in the talk, he left earlier than others.

　　由于对报告不感兴趣，他比别人先走了。

　　3. 过去分词的功能

　　1）作定语

　　单个的过去分词通常作前置定语，过去分词短语则常作后置定语，相当于一个定语从句。

　　例如：

　　A watched pot never boils.心急锅不开。

　　He is an advanced teacher.他是个先进教师。

　　The play performed by the students was a great success.

　　=The play which was performed by the students was a great success.

　　由学生上演的那个剧获得了极大的成功。

　　The house built in 1970 was burnt down in the big fire last night.

　　=The house which was built in 1970 was burnt down in the big fire last night.

　　1970年建的那座房子在昨晚的大火中被烧毁了。

　　2）作表语

　　过去分词作表语表示主语的某种性质或状态。例如：

　　He is gone.他走了。

　　He remained unsatisfied.他依然不满足。

　　The pupils will get confused if they are made to learn too much.

　　如果让学生学得太多，他们会感到糊涂的。

　　They were very excited at the news.听到这个消息，他们非常激动。

　　注意：过去分词作表语和被动语态的区别。过去分词作表语通常表示主语所处的状态，而被动语态则表示动作的执行者是谁，通常由by引导短语，或者动作的发出者不明确，不宜说出或不言而喻，没有必要说出等情况。

　　例如：

　　The days when we depended on foreign oil are gone.（分词作表语）

　　我们依靠洋油的日子一去不复返了。

　　【模拟试题】

　　I. 选择题：

　　1. The doctor has ________a new idea on the treatment, which is well thought of by his companions.

　　A. come about B. put forward C. spoken up D. regarded as

　　2. The students are busy making preparations for the lecture because they will _____ the competition .

　　A. attend  B. join   C. take part in D. attend to

　　3. I feel it is your husband who ____for the spoiled child.

　　A. is to blame B. is going to blame

　　C. is to be blamed D. should blame

　　4. ____he came in, I recognized him.

　　A. The moment B. ShortlyC. SoonD. Before long

　　5. The warm sunshine ____the coming of spring.

　　A. declaresB. announcesC. predicts D. publishes

　　6. You should read the ______in the car repair manual（手册） carefully before you start to.

　　A. instruction B. instructions C. introductionsD. explanations

　　7. -Can you work out the problem?    -I can’t ______your explain how to do it.

　　A. but for B. except C. apart fromD. unless

　　8. It is sleeping late in the morning that ______being late for work.

　　A. devotes to B. sticks to C . refers to D. leads to

　　9. No matter how I tried to read it, the sentence didn’t ______to me.

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