[10-20 18:18:21] 来源:http://www.67xuexi.com 初三英语教案 阅读:850次
第60课重点例句及相关知识的分析
1. Mrs Parley said she felt as if they were in a storm at sea. 帕利太太说她觉得好象是在海上乘船遇到了风暴似的。
句中as if 相当于as though "仿佛……似",注意:当主句是一般现在时,as if从句用一般过去时;当主句是一般过去时,as if从句用表示过去的相应时态。如:
He speaks English as if he were an Englishman. 他说起英语来好像一个英国人似的。
He acted as if (as though) nothing had happened. 他表现得似乎没有发生什么事。
She loves the child as if he were here own. 她爱这孩子如同爱自己的孩子一样。
此外,as if (as though)后可以跟动词不定式。如:
She raised her hand as though (as if) to hang the picture on the wall. 她举手象要把这幅画挂在墙上。
He raised his hand as though to take off his hat. 他举起手来,像要脱帽似的。
2. She tried hard to reach the baby's room… but the house broke in two, dropping her to the first floor and leaving the baby's bed hanging in the edge of the two-story house. 他尽力地到达婴儿房间,但是房子裂成了两半,把她摔到了楼下,而婴儿的小床留在上面,搭在这座二层楼的边缘上,摇摇欲坠。
由dropping 和leaving 组成的两个-ing形式短语在句中作伴随情况状语。如:
They came into the room laughing and talking. 他们说说笑笑地走进屋来。
Taking a dictionary, she began to prepare her lessons. 她拿了本词典,开始准备功课。
3. …… just as the bed crashed to the first floor ……与此同时床坠落到了一楼。
4. It is true to say a dog is man's best friend or at least Roberts best friend. 事实上说狗是人类最好的朋友,起码是罗特的最好的朋友。
* 句中it是形式主语,to say a dog动词不定式是真实主语。
句中it作先行代词用。It在句中充当形式主语或形式宾语,而将真正的和逻辑上的主语或宾语(通常用不定式短语、动名词短语或从句表示)移到后面去。如:
It is very important for us to learn English. (it代替不定式to learn English做形式主语)我们学习英语是十分重要的。
It takes much time to carry out a test. (it 代替不定式to carry out a test作形式主语)进行试验是要花费许多时间的。
it 作形式宾语:在具有宾语补语的句子里,it在动词后作直接宾语的先行代词,在宾语补语后面再出现真正的直接宾语(一般以不定式短语、动名词短语表示,但也有用that引出一个宾语从句)。如:
I found it a bit difficult to work in class because I kept on thinking about, the match in the afternoon. 我发现在课堂上学习有点儿难,因为我一直在想着下午的比赛。
We think it useful to learn the computer well. 我们认为学好计算机是有用的。
* at least 意思是"至少,起码"。如:
At least I can give you ten dollars. 最少我能给你十美元。
at least 的反义词是at most 意思是"至多"。
I can pay only fifty dollars at most. 我最多只能付五十美元。
三、本单元词语辨析
1.alone和lonely
lonely 与alone的意思比较接近,但在使用时有所区别:
lonely用作形容词,意思是"孤单的;寂寞的"。可指心灵上的寂寞,也可指偏僻的地点。在句中既可作表语,也可作定语。alone 可作形容词和副词,意思是"单独;独自",不指心理上寂寞的感觉。
例:feel lonely(√);a lonely traveller(√)
be alone(√);a alone house(×)
She was taken to a lonely island, lived alone, but she never felt lonely.
她被带到一个荒岛上,自己居住,但她从不感到寂寞。
2. before long和 long before
before long 作"不久以后"讲,切不要按字面译为"长时间以前"或"好久以前"。如:
We hope to finish our experiment before long. 我们希望不久(以后)就把实验做完。
long before 作"很久以前"讲。原意为"……以前很久",故也可译为"老早"。long before 跟before long 不同,前者在其后面可以接名词或一个从句;当上下文明确时,名词或从句还可以省略。Before long 则没有上述搭配用法。
They began the test yesterday, but we had made experiment long before. 我们昨天开始做实验,但我们在那以前很久就已经做准备了。
3. as, when, while
as 是连词,意思是"当……的时候,一面……一面",(强调同时,一般连续时间不长),如:
As we were talking about Titanic, our teacher came in. 正当我们谈论"泰坦尼克号"这部电影时,教师进来了。
The students sing as they go along. 学生们边走边唱。
When和as一样都是连词,注意它们的不同。如when"当……的时候"(一般表示动作紧接着发生);"那时"(等立连词,前有逗号分开)
I stayed till sunset, when it began to rain. 我一直呆到太阳下山,那时天开始下雨了。
while是"当……时候;和……同时"(强调同时发生,一般连续时间较长)
While I was watching TV, he was reading. 当我在看电视的时候,他正在看书。
While there is life, there is hope. 有生命就有希望。
四、本单元语法重点
The Infinitive (3)动词不定式(三)
用作主语
动词不定式的基本形式是to+动词原形。动词不定式(或不定式短语)没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不作谓语,动词不定式具有名词的特征,因此它在句子中可以作主语。比如: