高二英语下知识点总复习教案

　　19.This circulation adds energy to the marine ecosys- tems...这种循环使海洋生态系统增加了能量... (p.20 Ocean Motion 第3－4行) add to和add up to

　　▲这两个词组的意思完全不同。前者意为"增加"，后者作"总计"解。如：① Would you please add these names to your list? 请在你的名单上加上这几个名字好吗? ② We have also added t0 our committee two women workers. 我们委员会也吸收了两名女工当委员。③ The music added to our enjoyment of the film. 这部电影的音乐使我们更加喜欢这部电影。④ Every book you need will add to your store of knowledge. 你每读一本书就会增加一点儿知识。

　　▲add up to意为"总数是""加起来是"。如：① The separate numbers add up to 485. 这些单独的数字加起来总数是485。① Seven and nine add up to sixteen. 7加9等于16。① Their knowledge 0f how other people live doesn't add up to much. 他们关于别人生活情况的了解合在一起也没有多少。

　　【注】add up to还可用于引申意义，表示"意味着""等于说"。如：① Your long answer just adds up to a refusal. 你这冗长的回答就等于是拒绝。②She gave many excuses, but what they added up to was that she did not want to come.她提出了种种借口，但只不过说明她不想来。③ It all adds up to this--he is not an honest man.这一切都说明，他这个人不诚实。

　　Section III 词汇、语法、综合技能

　　20. If he played a bad trick on you, the manager would say you were the thief and call in the police. 如果他捉弄你的话，经理就会说你是小偷，并报警。(p.22 Ex.2 倒数3－2行)

　　▲play a trick on意为"捉弄""开玩笑"，也可以说play sb. a trick。如：① He played her a bad trick by taking all her money. 他跟她开了个恶劣的玩笑，把她的钱全拿去了。② It never occurred to me that they were playing a trick on me.我从未想到他们是在捉弄我。③ They played a thousand tricks on him.他们千方百计地欺骗他。④ They are playing harmless tricks on one another. 他们正彼此毫无恶意地恶作剧。

　　▲call in作"找来""请来"解，通常是指请医生或警察。如：① Call in a doctor at once. 马上把医生请来。② He insisted that we should call in a expert at this point. 这时他坚决主张我们去请一位专家来。

　　▲call in可作"来访""到......那里去"解。如：① He called in and told us that the machine had been badly damaged.他来告诉我们机器受到了严重损坏。② I formed the habit of calling in on them in the evenings.我每天晚上都到他们那里去，这已形成了习惯。

　　▲ call in还有"收回"之意。如：The librarians has called in all the books.图书馆管理员把书都收回去了。

　　【注】call in作"来访"解时，可看作不及物动词，如表示"访问某人"，要说call in on sb.。如：① Could you call in on Mum on your way home? 你能不能在回家的路上看看妈妈? ② I got into the habit of calling in on the bookstore on my way home. 我在回家的路上总要去书店看看，这已成了习惯。

　　21. An estuary is the body of water where a river meets the ocean. 河口是河流与海洋汇合的水域。(p. 22 Integrating Skills 第2行)

　　▲ meet的用法归纳 (1) 遇；相见 Let's meet for dinner. 我们一起吃晚饭吧。(2) 遭遇I met (with) a lot of difficulties in the work. 在工作中我遭遇了许多困难。 (3) 认识，被引见 Come to the party and meet some interesting people.来参加聚会，认识一些有意思的人。(4) 迎接 The taxi will meet the train. 计程车将与火车接头。(5) 满足 Does this meet your hopes? 这个满足你的愿望了吗?

　　▲ 辨析：meet与meet with

　　*meet 往往暗示双方从相反或不同的方向相对而行，其宾语通常是人或人格化的事物的名词 (如：a person, a bus, a train, etc.)。

　　*meet with 有"遭受，经历"的含义，其后多接抽象名词(如：accident，difficulty，misfortune，opposition，etc.)；meet with后也可接表示人的名词，这时强调"遇到"的偶然性。此外，meet with常见的意思还有"迎见，会见"，这时可用meet取代。① I met your sister this morning. 我今天上午碰见了你姐姐。② The suggestion met with disfavour. 这项建议受到冷遇。③ He met (with) the Prime Minister of Japan for an hour and a half. 他和日本首相会见了一个半小时。

　　▲ 注意：在现代英语中，meet有时可以换用meet with，有"遭受，经历"的含义。 That was the first difficulty we met (with). 这是我们第一次碰到的困难。

　　22. The mixing of fresh and salt water creates a unique environment filled with life of all kinds. 这种淡水和盐水的混合创造了一个充满各种生命的独特的环境。

　　▲create在本课中作"造成""引起"解。如：① This created a serious marketing problem. 这就造成了一个严重的销售问题。② That of course would create a tense situation in the area.这自然会造成这个地区的紧张形势。③His speech created much ill will among the lower classes. 他的讲话在下层民众中引起极大反感。④ His behavior created a bad impression.他的行为给人留下很坏的印象。

　　▲create可作"创造""创作"解。如：⑤ The actor created an entirely new Hamlet.这位演员塑造了一个崭新的哈雷特形象。⑥ Dickens created many wonderful characters in his works.狄更斯在他的作品中创造了许多奇妙的人物。⑦ In the Olympics Chinese athletes created one new record after another.在奥林匹克运动会上中国运动员创造了一个又一个新记录。

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