[10-20 18:10:12] 来源：http://www.67xuexi.com 高二英语 阅读：85595次
【注】surrounded with / by实际上是个过去分词短语，现在分词surrounding可单独作前置定语。如：① The town's water comes from the surrounding hills. 这个城镇的水是从周围的小山上流下来的。② There are a lot of interesting places to visit in the surrounding area. 周围地区有很多风景胜地可参观。
【注】surrounding也可作名词用，意为"周围的事物""环境"。如：① I'd like to bring up my child in healthy surroundings. 我想在健康的环境中养育我的孩子。② She grew up in comfortable surroundings. 她在舒适的环境中长大。
20. Living with a mental disability is perhaps the most difficult challenge a human being can face in life. 同残疾人生活在一起也许是人们所能面临的最困难的挑战。(p. 55 Integrating skills 第二段第1 - 2行)
▲ face vt. / vi."面向""朝"此时可作及物动词，也可作不及物动词 ① She turned to face the newcomer and introduced herself. 她转身面向新来者作了自我介绍。② The building faces the street. 那建筑物面对着街道。③ -- How does that house face? -- It faces to the east. "那座房子朝哪边?""朝东边。" ④ Manufacturing industry face a grim future if the government pursues its present policies.如果政府继续推行现行政策，制造工业将面临严酷的未来。⑤ He couldn't face his boss after making such a fool of himself at the meeting. 他做出这样的丑事后，不敢面对自己的老板。
face常用短语: face a person down 以势压人; face up to 勇敢地对付; be faced with 面临、面对; face out 大胆地，坚持到底; face to face 面对面；相对; in a person's face 当着某人的面; in the face of 面对，不顾; make / pull a face 扮鬼脸; set / put one's face against 强烈反对、抵制; take on a new face 面貌一新; turn one's face away 把脸转过去; face the music 面对失败、接受批评
拓展：face 还可意为"面对／面临(问题、挫折、困难等)"
21. The disability makes everyday life difficult and society often fails to treat the mentally disabled with dignity and respect. 残疾使日常生活困难，社会也经常不能给智力障碍者以尊重和尊严。(p. 55 Integrating skills 第二段第2行)
▲注意everyday和every day在用法上的不同，前者是形容词，作前置定语，后者作状语修饰动词。如：① It is a common everyday expression. 这是一个普通的日常用语。② Then she changed into her everyday clothes.然后她换上了日常的衣服。③ The book is written in simple everyday English. 这本书是用简单的日常用语写的。④ She came to see us every day. 她每天都来看我们。⑤ Every day you said to yourself, "I will learn my lesson tomorrow." Now you see what has happened. 每天你总对自己说"我明天学功课。"现在你看发生什么了。
▲ fail表示"没能做到某事"可用fail to do sth. 也可以说fail in doing sth.。如： ①He rang the number again, but failed to get a connection. 他又拔了那个号，仍然没能接通。② I failed to see him. He was out. 我没见到他，他出去了。③ He failed to pass the examination though carelessness. 由于粗心，他考试没有及格。④ I failed in persuading him. 我没能说服他。⑤ He always fails to lock the door when he leaves. 他离开时总是忘记锁门。
【注意】fail sb. 有"使某人失望"之意。如：① His friends failed him when he most needed them. 他的朋友们在他最需要他们的时候使他失望了。② She reached for a chair and sat down suddenly, as if her legs had failed her.她伸手抓过一把椅子，突然坐了下来，好像她的腿支持不住了似的。③ She was so upset that words failed her.她心烦意乱得说不出话来。④ He would have succeeded if his courage hadn't failed him. 如果他当时没有失去勇气，他就成功了。
▲ dignity
(1) n. 高尚的品质；尊严；尊贵，真正的价值 Only a free man has human dignity. 只有真正自由的人才有人的尊严。
(2) n. 庄严的举止，端正的仪态 She kept her dignity despite the hissing. 尽管嘘声四起，她依旧泰然自若。
(3) be beneath one's dignity 有失身份。Some husbands still think it beneath their dignity to do the shopping. 有些丈夫到现在仍旧认为让他们去买东西是件有失面子的事。
(4) stand on one's dignity 保持尊严；自命不凡 She doesn't stand on her dignity and treat the rest of us as servants. 她没有摆架子把我们当仆人看待。
联系：dignity v. 使......显得尊贵；给......增光dignified adj. 高雅的，高贵的dignitary n. 显要人物，权贵
22. For a long time, mental disability was considered shameful and the mentally disabled received little treat- ment or encouragement. 而社会往往又不能给残疾人以尊严和尊敬。(p. 55 Integrating skills 第二段第4行)
▲ consider
(1) 考虑 consider + n. ① I sat down by the fire to consider my position. 我坐在火堆旁考虑我的处境。② That's what we have to consider now. 那是我们现在所要考虑的问题。
注意：consider不接不定式作宾语但可接特殊疑问词加不定式的结构。① You have to consider what to do next. 你必须考虑下一步干什么。② Have you considered how to get there? 你考虑好如何到那儿了吗?
注意：跟动名词，不跟动名词的复合结构。① I considered going to see him myself. 我想亲自去看他。②跟介词或不加任何成分 ③ You must consider well over the matter. 在这件事上，你必须考虑周全。④ Let me consider. 让我想想。
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